這種觀點似乎符合了70年代中期的政治氣氛，當時，國會正試圖大幅度削減美國的國防預算，並且對美國的情報工作進行前所未有的仔細審查。然而，拉姆斯菲爾德、切尼、沃爾福威茨、共和黨的保守派和民主黨的新保守派批駁了基辛格的悲觀觀點。他們都在轉向一種既不同於基辛格派、也有別於民主黨的麥戈文派的世界觀。據此觀點，美國並沒有衰退；不應該小視美國的力量，也用不著對蘇聯做出新的妥協。
在福特年代裏出現的哲學分歧一直持續到20世紀末和21世紀初。2002年，小布希政府在討論是否入侵伊拉克時，一群共和黨內的批評者告誡說，美國必須謹慎，要承認自身力量的局限性。在這些持批評態度的人中，為首的是基辛格的副手斯考克羅夫特。而軍事行動的主要倡導者則是切尼、拉姆斯菲爾德和沃爾福威茨。
注釋
1 ri插rd nixon: rn (new york: grosset dup, 1978), p.1042.
2 1996年12月6日對理察?切尼的採訪。
3 memo to the president from henry a. kissinger re nsc meeting, saturday august 10, 1974, in national security adviser: nsc meeting file, box 1, folder “nsc meeting, august 10, 1974,” gerald r. ford library.
4 anatoly dobrynin, in confidence (new york: times books, 1995), pp.325?326.
5 robert t. hartmann, pce politics (new york: mcgraw?hill, 1980), p.283.
6 對2001年12月13日羅伯特?t.埃爾斯沃思的採訪。
7 “gerald r. ford?s remarks on taking the oath of office as president,” gerald r. ford library.
8 ron nessen, it sure looks different from the inside (chicago: yboy paperbacks, 1978年), p.150.
9 mi插el medved, the shadow president (new york: times books, 1979), p.36.
10 files of jerry h. jones, 1974—1977, box 10, ri插rd cheney, gerald r. ford library.
ibid.
cheney interview with stephen wayne, hyde and wayne collection, gerald r. ford library.
handwritten notes from ri插rd cheney, may 29, 1975, in ri插rd cheney files, box 6, folder“intelligence—new york times articles by seymour hersh (1),” gerald r. ford library.
john hersey, the president (new york: alfred a. knopf, 1975), pp.120?121.
nessen, op. cit., p.132.
john osborne, white house watch: the ford years (new york: new republic books, 1977), pp.142?143.
第30節：同蘇聯人緩和，排擠基辛格(12)
hartmann, op. cit. pp.321?323; nessen, op. cit., 108?9; kissinger, years of renewal (new york: simon schuster, 1999), pp.534?535.
nessen, op. cit., pp.112?113.
kissinger, op. cit., pp.98?99.
ibid., p.105.
ibid., p.175.
hartmann, op. cit., p.283.
memorandum for don rumsfeld from dick cheney, july 8, 1975, in ri插rd cheney files, box 10, folder “solzhenitsyn, alexander,” gerald r. ford library.
caway memo to cheney, november 3, 1975, in caway papers, box 5, gerald r. ford library.
1996年12月11日對溫斯頓?洛德的採訪；walter isaacson, kissinger (new york: simon schuster, 1992), p.671。
osborne, op. cit., p.xxiv.
ford, a time to heal (new york: harper row, 1979), pp.320?327.
medved, op. cit., p.337.
osborne, op. cit., p.11.
ibid., pp.xxiv?xxv.
2001年12月12日對莫頓?阿布拉莫維茨的採訪。
2002年6月6日對布倫特?斯考克羅夫特的採訪。
2001年12月10日對弗雷德?埃克雷的採訪。
kissinger, op. cit., p.850.
ford, op. cit., 357?358; raymond garthoff, détente and confrontation (washington, d.c.: brookings institution press, 1985), pp.540?543.
“implications of recent trends in the united states and soviet military bnce,” by donald rumsfeld, james e. connor files, box 1, folder “defense, donald rumsfeld (3),” gerald r. ford library.
memorandum of conversation: president ford, dr. henry a. kissinger, donald rumsfeld and brent scowcroft, oval office, march 29, 1976, in national security advisor memoranda of conversations collection, box 18, gerald r. ford library.
teeter memo to cheney,“analysis of early research,” november 12, 1975, in robert m. teeter papers, box 63, gerald r. ford library.切尼對哈特曼的評論見hartmann papers, box 120, ford library。
weeklyption of presidential documents, vol.12, pp.22,350, quoted in garthoff, op. cit., pp.547?548.
ford, op. cit., p.374.
medved, op. cit., pp.337,339.
1995年12月6日對切尼的採訪。
republican tform,“morality in foreign policy,” proceedings of the 1976 republican national convention.
nessen, op. cit., pp.229?231: ford, op. cit., 398; memo from mike duval to dick cheney, august 17, 1976, gerald r. ford library.
見don oberdorfer,“report saw soviet buildup for war,” cia dessifies controversial 1976 “team b” analysis, washington post, october 12, 1992, p.a11。
jack davis,“the 插llenge of managing uncertainty: paul wolfowitz on intellidence policy?rtions,” studies in intelligence, vol.39, no.5 (1996).
見robert dreyfuss,“the pentagon muzzles the cia” american prospects, vol.13, issue 22 (december 16, 2002), 及seymour m. hersh,“selective intelligence,” new yorker (may 12, 2003), p.44。
2002年7月19日對弗朗西斯?福山的採訪。
</br>
在福特年代裏出現的哲學分歧一直持續到20世紀末和21世紀初。2002年，小布希政府在討論是否入侵伊拉克時，一群共和黨內的批評者告誡說，美國必須謹慎，要承認自身力量的局限性。在這些持批評態度的人中，為首的是基辛格的副手斯考克羅夫特。而軍事行動的主要倡導者則是切尼、拉姆斯菲爾德和沃爾福威茨。
注釋
1 ri插rd nixon: rn (new york: grosset dup, 1978), p.1042.
2 1996年12月6日對理察?切尼的採訪。
3 memo to the president from henry a. kissinger re nsc meeting, saturday august 10, 1974, in national security adviser: nsc meeting file, box 1, folder “nsc meeting, august 10, 1974,” gerald r. ford library.
4 anatoly dobrynin, in confidence (new york: times books, 1995), pp.325?326.
5 robert t. hartmann, pce politics (new york: mcgraw?hill, 1980), p.283.
6 對2001年12月13日羅伯特?t.埃爾斯沃思的採訪。
7 “gerald r. ford?s remarks on taking the oath of office as president,” gerald r. ford library.
8 ron nessen, it sure looks different from the inside (chicago: yboy paperbacks, 1978年), p.150.
9 mi插el medved, the shadow president (new york: times books, 1979), p.36.
10 files of jerry h. jones, 1974—1977, box 10, ri插rd cheney, gerald r. ford library.
ibid.
cheney interview with stephen wayne, hyde and wayne collection, gerald r. ford library.
handwritten notes from ri插rd cheney, may 29, 1975, in ri插rd cheney files, box 6, folder“intelligence—new york times articles by seymour hersh (1),” gerald r. ford library.
john hersey, the president (new york: alfred a. knopf, 1975), pp.120?121.
nessen, op. cit., p.132.
john osborne, white house watch: the ford years (new york: new republic books, 1977), pp.142?143.
第30節：同蘇聯人緩和，排擠基辛格(12)
hartmann, op. cit. pp.321?323; nessen, op. cit., 108?9; kissinger, years of renewal (new york: simon schuster, 1999), pp.534?535.
nessen, op. cit., pp.112?113.
kissinger, op. cit., pp.98?99.
ibid., p.105.
ibid., p.175.
hartmann, op. cit., p.283.
memorandum for don rumsfeld from dick cheney, july 8, 1975, in ri插rd cheney files, box 10, folder “solzhenitsyn, alexander,” gerald r. ford library.
caway memo to cheney, november 3, 1975, in caway papers, box 5, gerald r. ford library.
1996年12月11日對溫斯頓?洛德的採訪；walter isaacson, kissinger (new york: simon schuster, 1992), p.671。
osborne, op. cit., p.xxiv.
ford, a time to heal (new york: harper row, 1979), pp.320?327.
medved, op. cit., p.337.
osborne, op. cit., p.11.
ibid., pp.xxiv?xxv.
2001年12月12日對莫頓?阿布拉莫維茨的採訪。
2002年6月6日對布倫特?斯考克羅夫特的採訪。
2001年12月10日對弗雷德?埃克雷的採訪。
kissinger, op. cit., p.850.
ford, op. cit., 357?358; raymond garthoff, détente and confrontation (washington, d.c.: brookings institution press, 1985), pp.540?543.
“implications of recent trends in the united states and soviet military bnce,” by donald rumsfeld, james e. connor files, box 1, folder “defense, donald rumsfeld (3),” gerald r. ford library.
memorandum of conversation: president ford, dr. henry a. kissinger, donald rumsfeld and brent scowcroft, oval office, march 29, 1976, in national security advisor memoranda of conversations collection, box 18, gerald r. ford library.
teeter memo to cheney,“analysis of early research,” november 12, 1975, in robert m. teeter papers, box 63, gerald r. ford library.切尼對哈特曼的評論見hartmann papers, box 120, ford library。
weeklyption of presidential documents, vol.12, pp.22,350, quoted in garthoff, op. cit., pp.547?548.
ford, op. cit., p.374.
medved, op. cit., pp.337,339.
1995年12月6日對切尼的採訪。
republican tform,“morality in foreign policy,” proceedings of the 1976 republican national convention.
nessen, op. cit., pp.229?231: ford, op. cit., 398; memo from mike duval to dick cheney, august 17, 1976, gerald r. ford library.
見don oberdorfer,“report saw soviet buildup for war,” cia dessifies controversial 1976 “team b” analysis, washington post, october 12, 1992, p.a11。
jack davis,“the 插llenge of managing uncertainty: paul wolfowitz on intellidence policy?rtions,” studies in intelligence, vol.39, no.5 (1996).
見robert dreyfuss,“the pentagon muzzles the cia” american prospects, vol.13, issue 22 (december 16, 2002), 及seymour m. hersh,“selective intelligence,” new yorker (may 12, 2003), p.44。
2002年7月19日對弗朗西斯?福山的採訪。
</br>